DEVELOPMENT BY CONTRAST. (Block and Alternating forms.)

DEVELOPMENT BY CONTRAST. 
(Block and Alternating forms.) 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Block). 
Written by:    Sun Yan Mei, 0503. 
Topic:    Spring and Autumn. 
Title:    “How Spring is different from Autumn.” 
Brainstorming:   Temperature – affect – changes – the clothes people put on – bird’s actions. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]    Spring – different – autumn. 
     [AS1]    Temperature – rise. 
     [AS2]    Sowing season. 
     [AS3]    Leaves and grass – green. 
     [AS4]    Wear thin clothes. 
     [AS5]    Swallows come. 
     [BS1]    Temperature – drop. 
     [BS2]    Harvest season. 
     [BS3]    Leaves and grass – yellow. 
     [BS4]    Wear thick clothes. 
     [BS5]    Swallows go. 
     [CS]      Both – I like. 
Paragraph Text:   
     [TS]      As we know, spring is very different from autumn. 
     [AS1]    In spring, the temperature will rise gradually. 
     [AS2]    Spring is a sowing season, and the farmers begin to be busy. 
     [AS3]    The leaves and grass become green, and the fruit trees blossom. 
     [AS4]    People put on their thin clothes, and put away their sweaters. 
     [AS5]    The swallows come back from the south. 
     [BS1]    In autumn, the weather becomes cool, and the temperature drops. 
     [BS2]    Autumn is harvest season, for both farmers and students. 
     [BS3]    The leaves and grass turn gold and yellow; it is very beautiful. 
     [BS4]    People put on their thick clothes, such as sweaters and other woollen garments. 
     [BS5]    The swallows leave for the south again. 
     [CS]      I like spring; I also like autumn. 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Block). 
Written by:    Yuan Jiang Chun, 0503. 
Topic:    Wooden and mechanical pencils. 
Title:    “How a wooden pencil and a mechanical pencil are different.” 
Brainstorming:    Materials – the “lead” insice – cost – how to “maintain” them – how long they last – other comments. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]      Many differences between W.P. and M.P. 
     (Wooden Pencils.) 
     [AS1]    Lasts short time. 
     [AS2]    Wood. 
     [AS3]    Use pencil sharpener. 
     [AS4]    Fixed – cannot move. 
     [AS5]    Costs five mao. 
     (Mechanical Pencils.) 
     [BS1]    Lasts long time. 
     [BS2]    Plastic, metal. 
     [BS3]    “Click” with thumb. 
     [BS4]    Replaceable leads. 
     [BS5]    Costs two yuan. 
     [CS]      0503 – likes – M.P. – you choose! 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]      There are many differences between wooden pencils (W.P) and mechanical pencils (M.P). 
     [AS1]    Most W.P. only last a short time; they can disappear after three day’s drawing. 
     [AS2]    W.P’s are made of wood. 
     [AS3]    To maintain them, you need a knife, or a pencil-sharpener. 
     [AS4]    The “lead” is fixed, and it cannot move. 
     [AS5]    A W.P. costs five mao. 
     [BS1]    A M.P. can last a long time; most students keep theirs for one year. 
     [BS2]    It is made of metal and plastic. 
     [BS3]    To use it when the “lead” is broken, just “click” the top button with your thumb. 
     [BS4]    The “leads” can be replaced. 
     [BS5]    A M.P. costs two yuan. 
     [CS]      We in 0503 like mechanical pencils! 
      
 
Development by:    Contrast (Block). 
Written by:    Wang Ji Juan, 0503. 
Topic:    Umbrella and raincoat. 
Title:    “How an umbrella and a raincoat are different.” 
Brainstorming: Materials – cost – shape – beauty –size. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]      Many differences. 
     (Umbrella.) 
     [AS1]    Made of.  
     [AS2]    Appearance. 
     [AS3]    Shape. 
     [AS4]    Cost. 
     [AS5]    Size. 
     (Raincoat.) 
     [BS1]    Made of. 
     [BS2]    Appearance. 
     [BS3]    Shape. 
     [BS4]    Cost. 
     [BS5]    Size. 
     [CS]      0503 – likes umbrella. 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]      There are many differences between an umbrella and a raincoat. 
     [AS1]    Most umbrellas are made of cloth, such as silk, and various metals. 
     [AS2]    Most umbrellas look very beautiful; they have many colors and shapes. 
     [AS3]    Most umbrellas are round and arched like a mushroom, and have laces. 
     [AS4]    Most umbrellas are very cheap; you only need eight yuan to get one. 
     [AS5]    Umbrellas come in many sizes, and you can buy one in a shop, according to what size you like. 
     [BS1]    Some raincoats may be made of cloth, such as such as oiled cotton, but most are made of plastic. 
     [BS2]    A raincoat is very big; it doesn’t have any beauty at all. 
     [BS3]    A raincoat is like very “baggy” clothes, and it has a big hat attached. 
     [BS4]    A raincoat is very expensive; maybe you can buy one for twenty yuan. 
     [BS5]    A raincoat must fit you, for it to be suitable; if it is too big for you, you can’t use it. 
     [CS]      We in 0503, even all of us, like to use an umbrella more than a raincoat! 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Block). 
Written by:    ????? (#26), 0507. 
Topic:    Seas, and lakes. 
Title:    “The differences between seas and lakes.” 
Brainstorming:   Size – fresh / salt – deep / shallow – more dangerous – fishes are different – polluted – used differently – made by people. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]      Lakes – seas – different. 
     (Lakes.) 
     [AS1]    Size – smaller – more shallow. 
     [AS2]    Water – fresh – fish taste delicious. 
     [AS3]    Less dangerous. 
     [AS4]    Easily polluted – smaller. 
     [AS5]    Drinking – electric power –agriculture – make dams. 
     (Seas.) 
     [BS1]    Size – bigger. 
     [BS2]    Water – salty – more fish. 
     [BS3]    More dangerous. 
     [BS4]    Less easy to pollute. 
     [BS5]    Make salt – transportation – oil / mineral exploration – can’t be controlled. 
     [CS]      Main differences – many others. 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    Lakes and seas are very different, in terms of their shapes / sizes, and the kinds of fish that live in them. 
     [AS1]    Lakes are smaller than seas, and they are more shallow. 
     [AS2]    Since the lake’s water is fresh, the fish that live in them taste delicious. 
     [AS3]    The lake’s water is not very deep, and the fish in them are usually not very dangerous, so you may be safer there. 
     [AS4]    The lake’s water cannot flow around much, and they are small, so they are easily polluted. 
     [AS5]    The lake’s water can be used by people to drink, to make electric power, and to irrigate agricultural crops. 
     [BS1]    As for the seas, many are very big, so that you can’t see to the other side. 
     [BS2]    The sea’s water is salty, and there are several kinds of fish living in them. 
     [BS3]    Since there are some dangerous fish and other animals living in the sea, you must be careful in the sea, especially if you are swimming. 
     [BS4]    The sea’s water can flow around more easily, so they can clean themselves somewhat, if they get polluted. 
     [BS5]    The sea’s water is also very useful, as it can be used for making salt, as well as for oil and mineral exploration; however, it cannot be controlled by people, even though it is always used for transportation. 
     [CS]      These are five major differences between lakes and seas; there are also many others. 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Alternating). 
Written by:    Zhao Xiao Qian, 0501. 
Topic:    Chinese teachers and foreign teachers. 
Title:    “The differences between Chinese teachers and foreign teachers.” 
Brainstorming:   Pronunciation – teaching methods – income – way of thinking – personal life.
Plan outline:    
     [TS]      Many differences – C.T. and F.T. 
     [S1]    Teaching methods – C.T.–Strict, books, memorizing.  F.T.–Relaxed, have own ideas, very creative. 
     [S2]    Pronunciation – C.T.–Chinese accent.  F.T.–Native accent. 
     [S3]    Income – C.T.–Lower, 2,000 yuan.  F.T.–Higher, 3,600 yuan. 
     [S4]    Way of thinking – C.T.–Traditional.  F.T.–Modern. 
     [S5]    Personal life – C.T.–Family, stability.  F.T.–Single, mobility. 
     [CS]   Others – main ones. 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    There are many differences between Chinese teachers and foreign teachers. 
     [S1]    In terms of teaching methods, the Chinese teachers are strict, they follow their textbooks, and they like memorizing; the foreign teachers are more relaxed, they have their own ideas, and they enjoy creating and “synthesizing”. 
     [S2]    The Chinese teachers’ pronunciation tends to follow varying degrees of “Chinese accent”, as they are “second language” speakers; the foreign teachers follow British or American English, as they are “native speakers”. 
     [S3]    Chinese teachers typically make about 2,000 yuan per month; foreign teachers can make 3,600 yuan per month. 
     [S4]    In terms of “way of thinking”, the Chinese teachers are usually traditional; the foreign teachers are often “modern”. 
     [S5]    In their “personal life”, the Chinese teachers and the foreign teachers are also different; the Chinese teachers believe in family and stability, and the foreign teachers follow the single and mobile life. 
     [CS]      These are some of the main differences; there are many others! 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Alternating). 
Written by:    Yang Qing Ling, 0505. 
Topic:    Rich and poor people. 
Title:    “How rich people and poor people are different.” 
Brainstorming:    1: how much money – 2: what they value – 3: what they fear – 4: their attitudes towards life – 5: their friends – 6: their dreams – 7: clothing – 8: family – 9: food – 10: home – 11: job – 12; life expectancy – 13: lifestyle. 
     Divided by category: 
     Money, itself – 1. 
     Other people – 5, 8.
     In their mind – 2, 3, 4, 6, 13. 
     Survival – 7, 9 ,10, 12. 
     Work – 11. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]    R.P. and P.P. different. 
     [S1]    Money, itself.
     [S2]    In their mind. 
     [S3]    Survival. 
     [S4]    Other people. 
     [S5]    Work. 
     [CS]   Main differences – many others.      
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    Rich people and poor people are different in many ways. 
     [S1]    Of course, having money (or not having it) is the big difference. 
     [S2]    Another difference lies in what is in their mind–what they fear, their attitudes towards life, their dreams, and their lifestyle. 
     [S3]    Questions of “survival” are more important to poor people: these include food, home, clothing, and life-expectancy. 
     [S4]    Rich people and poor people treat other people differently, in terms of family and friends. 
     [S5]    “Work” has a different meaning and significance for rich and poor people. 
     [CS]    These are the main differences, and there are many others; however, the rich have something the poor do not have–choices. 
 
 
Development by:    Contrast (Alternating). 
Written by:    Wang Ai Ying, 0507.  
Topic:    Lover and beloved. 
Title:    “The differences between the lover and the beloved.” 
Brainstorming:   Active / passive – feelings – time constraints – use different language – social rights / responsibilities. 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]    Lover – beloved – different people. 
     [S1]    Social rights / responsibilities – L: Responsibilities.  B: Rights. 
     [S2]    Active / passive – L: Active.  B: Passive. 
     [S3]    Feelings – L: Will she say “Yes?”  B: Will he ask me? 
     [S4]    Time constraints – L: Time to choose, but impatient.  B: Limited time; must wait.
     [S5]    Use different language – L: Poetic, long, many words, questions.  B: Shorter, answers.
     [CS]    L. and B. different – must be clear, careful! 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    In a love relationship, the “lover” and “beloved” are very different people. 
     [S1]    In terms of “rights and responsibilities”, the lover has more responsibilities, and the beloved has more rights. 
     [S2]    The lover is active, and the beloved is passive–to a point. 
     [S3]    Their feelings are different; the lover wonders, “Will she say Yes?”, and the beloved wants to know, “When will he ask me?”. 
     [S4]    Both must work under different time constraints; the lover has time to choose, and the beloved has limited time, and must wait. 
     [S5]    The lover uses long and poetic language when speaking; the beloved says less, and answers questions. 
     [CS]    It can be seen that the lover and the beloved are very different; they should therefore speak very clearly and carefully to each other.