按照时间发展.

 
 
当你按照时间发展写作，你会注意到随着时间而发生的变化。这里举个例子，“小鸡如何在其一生中变化？”（请注意：当你进行头脑风暴时，写下所有出现在脑海中的事例，当你再也没有其他想法的时候，以后再挑选。）
 
Development by:    Time. 
Written by:    SVW.
Topic:    Chicken’s life cycle. 
Title:    “How a chicken changes over its life cycle.” 
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Brainstorming:    Chicken–life cycle–adult–shell–feathers–break out–adult hen–egg white / egg yolk–chick–development in shell–pullet–hatch–28 days–grow larger. 
 
注意：头脑风暴的过程应该使用英语，如果有些词汇你不会，用中文写，以后查字典。千万不要因为查字典而停止头脑风暴！就先用中文写下不会的单词。因为在头脑风暴的过程中查字典，会很容易扼杀头脑中正在进行的思考过程，所以不要这样做。一旦有了这一信息，需要选择5个主要的想法，也就是接下来的S1, S2, S3, S4, 和 S5，选择，然后再按照主次排列，象这样：
  
 
     Chicken–life cycle–adult– #1 in shell–feathers–break out– #5 adult hen–egg white / egg yolk– #3 chick–development in shell– #4 pullet– #2 hatch–28 days–grow larger.
 
我认为按照1st–5th–3rd–2nd–4th 这样的顺序比1st–2nd–3rd–4th–5th的顺序更容易。
然后，如下构思“正文”：
 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]    
     [S1]    In shell.
     [S2]    Hatch. 
     [S3]    Chick. 
     [S4]    Pullet. 
     [S5]    Adult hen. 
     [CS]                      
 
然后，在主题句和结论句中添加信息：
 
Plan outline:   
     [TS]    Many stages–chicken. 
     [S1]    In shell.
     [S2]    Hatch. 
     [S3]    Chick. 
     [S4]    Pullet. 
     [S5]    Adult hen. 
     [CS]   Interesting–watch. 
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请注意段落的整体性：所有“正文”句子都包含共同的想法——小鸡的成长。结论的句子可以有两种不同的形式：(a)它可以总结之前已经经历的阶段（在正文中），或者(b)它可以承接下文（接下来的段落）。
 
同时，也请注意在构思中，语言是多么简单，只是片段而已。不要在构思中使用句子，因为如果这样做了，以后修改就比较困难了；如果只是一些单词和部分片段，你就能够以任何方式构造句子了。
 
现在，构思好后，将每一个部分发展为一个句子。记住，你只能有七个句子！目前你必须在这个体系的框架之中写作。
 
记住：你必须用英语创作你的句子！在任何情况都不要用汉语思考或者用汉语翻译英语的想法。如果这样的话，就不是“写作“，而是翻译，而这就是另一种语言技巧了。
 
这里有一个问题：我应该用哪一个“句子类型”——句型一，句型二，句型三，句型四，句型五或者句型六？这取决于你，作为一个作者，你可以决定使用哪一类型的句子，对你来说是最好的。不过，不管怎么说，不同的句子类型会给你的写作带来不同的感受。我会给出同样的段落，但是用不同句型来描述，这样你就有更直观的感受。
 
根据句型一： 
 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    There are many stages in the life of a chicken.                                                      
     [S1]    It develops inside the egg-shell. 
     [S2]    It hatches after about 28 days. 
     [S3]    It is now a yellow-feathered chick. 
     [S4]    It later becomes an adolescent “pullet”. 
     [S5]    It turns into an adult hen. 
     [CS]    Watching a chicken develop is very interesting. 
 
根据句型二： 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    The life of a chicken has many stages, and they are all interesting to watch. 
     [S1]    After the process of fertilization, the embryonic chick develops inside the safety of the egg-shell. 
     [S2]    After being cared for by the mother hen for about 28 days, the chick hatches from the egg. 
     [S3]    Once it is dried off and safe, the yellow-feathered chick runs about everywhere. 
     [S4]    When one month or so has gone by, the chick becomes an adolescent “pullet”. 
     [S5]    A few months later, it has become an adult hen. 
     [CS]    Watching a chick develop into a hen takes time, but it is an interesting process. 
 
根据句型三： 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    As with other animals in the world, the life of a chicken has many stages, which are interesting to watch. 
     [S1]    After the egg has been fertilized, the chick embryo develops inside the safety of the egg-shell, all the while kept warm by the mother hen. 
     [S2]    After about 28 days, being carefully tended by the mother hen, the chick hatches from the egg-shell. 
     [S3]    Once the yellow-feathered chick has been dried off and is safe, it runs about everywhere, as it is interested in everything around it.  
     [S4]    After a month or so of careful feeding by the farmer, the chick becomes an adolescent “pullet”, and starts to look more and more like a hen. 
 
     [S5]    A few months later, the “pullet” becomes an adult hen, and looks more like its mother. 
     [CS] Watching a chick develop into an adult hen takes time and patience, but for those who are willing to study it each day, it is an interesting process. 
 
根据句型四： 
: 
Paragraph Text:  
     [TS]    A chicken’s life has many stages; they are interesting to watch. 
     [S1]    The embryo chick develops inside the safety of the egg-shell; it is kept safe and warm by its mother. 
     [S2]    28 days pass by; the chick is ready to come out. 
     [S3]    The newly-hatched chick is dried off; it soon runs about everywhere. 
     [S4]    A month or so passes; the chick is now an adolescent “pullet”. 
     [S5]    The “pullet” gradually becomes an adult hen; it now looks more like its mother. 
     [CS]    It takes time and patience to watch a chick develop into an adult hen; this is an interesting process for many people. 
 
      
 
你还可以用句型五和句型六来展开句子，但是根据这样的段落主题，使用它们有些困难，而且也没必要。用以上的四个句型展开段落只是要向读者展示不同的句型给段落带来的不同“风味”。你自己决定选择适合自己的句型。学习写作段落最好的方法就是广泛阅读，看其他作者是怎么创造句子的。在你经过一些时间，实验和经验后，希望你也能够 创造自己的句子。